新时代，新机遇
这是工业革命以来的第一次, 英国现在从零碳来源获得的电力比化石燃料更多. 然而, 预计需求增长速度将超过可再生能源所能满足的速度, oil and gas is likely to remain a key part of the UK’s energy supply mix for the foreseeable future.
对于英国石油和天然气行业来说，这正推动着双重关注;
- 通过脱碳海上作业，打造更清洁的行业
- Achieving a net zero basin by integrating the infrastructure and networks within the UK Continental Shelf
Achieving these two goals will require the industry to pull on multiple levers including; adopting clean power generation on offshore assets, 投资碳捕获和封存基础设施，特别是围绕产业集群, and embracing circular economy principles when it comes to the decommissioning or the re-use of existing assets.
从操作员的角度来看, one area that requires immediate focus is reducing emissions leakage and flaring through better management of existing pipeline infrastructure. The issue of fugitive gases has long been a blight on the industry however it’s also an area that’s relatively easy to address, particularly with the emergence of technology-led solutions that facilitate smarter asset design, 管理及修改工作.
This focus on reducing emissions leakage will grow even sharper over the coming years but it also presents operators with an opportunity to demonstrate their commitment to the environmental agenda by taking concerted steps that will help them to reduce the carbon impact of their upstream and downstream activities.
通过智能设计和监测解决方案实现海上作业脱碳的七个步骤:
全球范围内, Wood is advising many operators on technology enabled solutions that can help them reduce the volume of emissions they produce across their portfolio of assets (onshore and offshore). This includes practical steps on improving the integrity of new and existing infrastructure and managing their assets in a way that ultimately keeps hydrocarbons in the pipe rather than leaking into the atmosphere.我们提出了七项建议，以帮助客户避免或尽量减少不必要的排放:
1. 优先考虑压缩机设计的动态仿真和工程评估
Using proprietary software and domain expertise to assess the compressor manufacturer’s proposed design of a pipeline package can identify where problems will occur and offer a bespoke solution to resolve these issues. 近年来, this approach has prevented hundreds of thousands of tons of hydrocarbons leaking at high pressure.
2. 解决小口径管道的潜在故障
这已被确定为北海约20%的碳氢化合物泄漏的来源, 然而，它可以用相对简单的软件预测和设计出来. 如果所有操作人员都进行了筛选, 并按照它告诉他们的去做, 管道故障造成的碳氢化合物排放将减少20%. 这将是迈向“净零”流域的重要一步.
3. 投资于挥发性逸散性排放物筛选
By combining the screening and analysis methodology developed for vibration testing with camera monitoring technologies deployed in the implementation phase, 这是可以识别的, 量化并尽量减少与包括阀杆填料在内的物品相关的泄漏, 机械螺栓连接和机械密封. This technique has been proven to work in the refinery space but is still in early stages of adoption on offshore assets upstream.
4. 采用机器学习增强状态监测
这是标准机械健康监测的演变, 因此，机器增强了决策审查和预测问题的能力, 让专业工程师专注于最大的挑战. 只有一个客户, this approach delivered a US$2m direct saving in monitoring costs and prevented over US$15m per annum in unnecessary maintenance spend. This takes condition monitoring from being a passive reporting process to an active intervention process, 为操作增加显著的价值.
5. 利用机器学习进行腐蚀分类
By assessing sample images of varying qualitative damage levels and grouping them into repeatable results, we’ve built a highly effective neural network that can classify the level of corrosion on any pipe span image in seconds. This enabled our team to significantly reduce the length of time needed to classify the thousands of photos supplied after an inspection from weeks to just days. By identifying the areas with the most significant corrosion and where emissions leakage was most likely, 我们能够在更短的时间内采取措施解决问题.
6. 拥抱计算管道监控
压力连续监测, temperature and other key data from thousands of points along the system can enable operators to quickly identify any anomalies that could indicate possible leaks and allows them to respond to these changes quickly.
7. 用声发射在线检测补充标准监测
在许多管道上, state-of-the-art monitoring technology also includes sensitive acoustic devices that can “listen” for leaks. 这是一种强化现有监控解决方案的聪明方法.
新目标零
建立信誉并获得未来的经营牌照:
Setting an ambitious target to try and deliver a ‘net zero basin’ is not just the right thing to do, but will also enable operators to showcase their commitment to 构建ing a lower-carbon future and highlight why they should be viewed as part of the solution to the climate change challenge.
Focusing on reducing the carbon intensity of their operations isn’t a short-term commitment or a PR exercise, but a philosophy that operators need to embed within every aspect of their operations including how they design, 构建, 管理和维护他们的投资组合. 关于现有资产, 我们发现通常有多种机会, 相对较小的变化可以帮助推动重大的改进.
还有环境效益, 加强对排放的治理也具有令人信服的商业意义. 它可以帮助维护运营商未来的运营许可证, 如果随后引入碳税，降低风险, and starts to 构建 credibility and trust with the general public that providing a product that enables the UK to meet its primary energy security needs is not incongruent with the climate change agenda.
毫无疑问，实现“净零排放”需要巨大的变革. 然而, the sector can and should take confidence from the past – the oil and gas industry has a distinguished track record of developing technically challenging solutions in areas that many would not have dared thought possible. That same vision and entrepreneurial spirit will serve operators well as they begin to chart their future course in a lower-carbon world.
关于现有资产, 我们发现通常有多种机会, 相对较小的变化可以帮助推动重大的改进.
